2 * Kernel execution entry point code.
4 * Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Gary Thomas <gdt@linuxppc.org>
5 * Initial PowerPC version.
6 * Copyright (c) 1996 Cort Dougan <cort@cs.nmt.edu>
8 * Copyright (c) 1996 Paul Mackerras <paulus@cs.anu.edu.au>
9 * Low-level exception handers, MMU support, and rewrite.
10 * Copyright (c) 1997 Dan Malek <dmalek@jlc.net>
11 * PowerPC 8xx modifications.
12 * Copyright (c) 1998-1999 TiVo, Inc.
13 * PowerPC 403GCX modifications.
14 * Copyright (c) 1999 Grant Erickson <grant@lcse.umn.edu>
15 * PowerPC 403GCX/405GP modifications.
16 * Copyright 2000 MontaVista Software Inc.
17 * PPC405 modifications
18 * PowerPC 403GCX/405GP modifications.
19 * Author: MontaVista Software, Inc.
20 * frank_rowand@mvista.com or source@mvista.com
21 * debbie_chu@mvista.com
22 * Copyright 2002-2005 MontaVista Software, Inc.
23 * PowerPC 44x support, Matt Porter <mporter@kernel.crashing.org>
25 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
26 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
27 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
28 * option) any later version.
31 #include <asm/processor.h>
34 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
35 #include <asm/cputable.h>
36 #include <asm/thread_info.h>
37 #include <asm/ppc_asm.h>
38 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
39 #include "head_booke.h"
42 /* As with the other PowerPC ports, it is expected that when code
43 * execution begins here, the following registers contain valid, yet
44 * optional, information:
46 * r3 - Board info structure pointer (DRAM, frequency, MAC address, etc.)
47 * r4 - Starting address of the init RAM disk
48 * r5 - Ending address of the init RAM disk
49 * r6 - Start of kernel command line string (e.g. "mem=128")
50 * r7 - End of kernel command line string
57 * Reserve a word at a fixed location to store the address
62 * Save parameters we are passed
69 li r24,0 /* CPU number */
72 * Set up the initial MMU state
74 * We are still executing code at the virtual address
75 * mappings set by the firmware for the base of RAM.
77 * We first invalidate all TLB entries but the one
78 * we are running from. We then load the KERNELBASE
79 * mappings so we can begin to use kernel addresses
80 * natively and so the interrupt vector locations are
81 * permanently pinned (necessary since Book E
82 * implementations always have translation enabled).
84 * TODO: Use the known TLB entry we are running from to
85 * determine which physical region we are located
86 * in. This can be used to determine where in RAM
87 * (on a shared CPU system) or PCI memory space
88 * (on a DRAMless system) we are located.
89 * For now, we assume a perfect world which means
90 * we are located at the base of DRAM (physical 0).
94 * Search TLB for entry that we are currently using.
95 * Invalidate all entries but the one we are using.
97 /* Load our current PID->MMUCR TID and MSR IS->MMUCR STS */
98 mfspr r3,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
99 mfmsr r4 /* Get MSR */
100 andi. r4,r4,MSR_IS@l /* TS=1? */
101 beq wmmucr /* If not, leave STS=0 */
102 oris r3,r3,PPC44x_MMUCR_STS@h /* Set STS=1 */
103 wmmucr: mtspr SPRN_MMUCR,r3 /* Put MMUCR */
106 bl invstr /* Find our address */
107 invstr: mflr r5 /* Make it accessible */
108 tlbsx r23,0,r5 /* Find entry we are in */
109 li r4,0 /* Start at TLB entry 0 */
110 li r3,0 /* Set PAGEID inval value */
111 1: cmpw r23,r4 /* Is this our entry? */
112 beq skpinv /* If so, skip the inval */
113 tlbwe r3,r4,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* If not, inval the entry */
114 skpinv: addi r4,r4,1 /* Increment */
115 cmpwi r4,64 /* Are we done? */
116 bne 1b /* If not, repeat */
117 isync /* If so, context change */
120 * Configure and load pinned entry into TLB slot 63.
123 lis r3,KERNELBASE@h /* Load the kernel virtual address */
124 ori r3,r3,KERNELBASE@l
126 /* Kernel is at the base of RAM */
127 li r4, 0 /* Load the kernel physical address */
129 /* Load the kernel PID = 0 */
134 /* Initialize MMUCR */
140 clrrwi r3,r3,10 /* Mask off the effective page number */
141 ori r3,r3,PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_256M
144 clrrwi r4,r4,10 /* Mask off the real page number */
145 /* ERPN is 0 for first 4GB page */
148 /* Added guarded bit to protect against speculative loads/stores */
150 ori r5,r5,(PPC44x_TLB_SW | PPC44x_TLB_SR | PPC44x_TLB_SX | PPC44x_TLB_G)
152 li r0,63 /* TLB slot 63 */
154 tlbwe r3,r0,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Load the pageid fields */
155 tlbwe r4,r0,PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Load the translation fields */
156 tlbwe r5,r0,PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Load the attrib/access fields */
158 /* Force context change */
167 /* If necessary, invalidate original entry we used */
171 tlbwe r6,r23,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID
175 #ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_TEXT_DEBUG
177 * Add temporary UART mapping for early debug.
178 * We can map UART registers wherever we want as long as they don't
179 * interfere with other system mappings (e.g. with pinned entries).
180 * For an example of how we handle this - see ocotea.h. --ebs
183 lis r3,UART0_IO_BASE@h
184 ori r3,r3,PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_4K
187 lis r4,UART0_PHYS_IO_BASE@h /* RPN depends on SoC */
189 ori r4,r4,0x0001 /* ERPN is 1 for second 4GB page */
194 ori r5,r5,(PPC44x_TLB_SW | PPC44x_TLB_SR | PPC44x_TLB_I | PPC44x_TLB_G)
196 li r0,0 /* TLB slot 0 */
198 tlbwe r3,r0,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Load the pageid fields */
199 tlbwe r4,r0,PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Load the translation fields */
200 tlbwe r5,r0,PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Load the attrib/access fields */
202 /* Force context change */
204 #endif /* CONFIG_SERIAL_TEXT_DEBUG */
206 /* Establish the interrupt vector offsets */
207 SET_IVOR(0, CriticalInput);
208 SET_IVOR(1, MachineCheck);
209 SET_IVOR(2, DataStorage);
210 SET_IVOR(3, InstructionStorage);
211 SET_IVOR(4, ExternalInput);
212 SET_IVOR(5, Alignment);
213 SET_IVOR(6, Program);
214 SET_IVOR(7, FloatingPointUnavailable);
215 SET_IVOR(8, SystemCall);
216 SET_IVOR(9, AuxillaryProcessorUnavailable);
217 SET_IVOR(10, Decrementer);
218 SET_IVOR(11, FixedIntervalTimer);
219 SET_IVOR(12, WatchdogTimer);
220 SET_IVOR(13, DataTLBError);
221 SET_IVOR(14, InstructionTLBError);
224 /* Establish the interrupt vector base */
225 lis r4,interrupt_base@h /* IVPR only uses the high 16-bits */
229 /* Clear DAPUIB flag in CCR0 (enable APU between CPU and FPU) */
239 * This is where the main kernel code starts.
244 ori r2,r2,init_task@l
246 /* ptr to current thread */
247 addi r4,r2,THREAD /* init task's THREAD */
251 lis r1,init_thread_union@h
252 ori r1,r1,init_thread_union@l
254 stwu r0,THREAD_SIZE-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r1)
259 * Decide what sort of machine this is and initialize the MMU.
269 /* Setup PTE pointers for the Abatron bdiGDB */
270 lis r6, swapper_pg_dir@h
271 ori r6, r6, swapper_pg_dir@l
272 lis r5, abatron_pteptrs@h
273 ori r5, r5, abatron_pteptrs@l
275 ori r4, r4, KERNELBASE@l
276 stw r5, 0(r4) /* Save abatron_pteptrs at a fixed location */
280 lis r4,start_kernel@h
281 ori r4,r4,start_kernel@l
283 ori r3,r3,MSR_KERNEL@l
286 rfi /* change context and jump to start_kernel */
289 * Interrupt vector entry code
291 * The Book E MMUs are always on so we don't need to handle
292 * interrupts in real mode as with previous PPC processors. In
293 * this case we handle interrupts in the kernel virtual address
296 * Interrupt vectors are dynamically placed relative to the
297 * interrupt prefix as determined by the address of interrupt_base.
298 * The interrupt vectors offsets are programmed using the labels
299 * for each interrupt vector entry.
301 * Interrupt vectors must be aligned on a 16 byte boundary.
302 * We align on a 32 byte cache line boundary for good measure.
306 /* Critical Input Interrupt */
307 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x0100, CriticalInput, unknown_exception)
309 /* Machine Check Interrupt */
311 MCHECK_EXCEPTION(0x0200, MachineCheck, machine_check_exception)
313 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x0200, MachineCheck, machine_check_exception)
316 /* Data Storage Interrupt */
317 START_EXCEPTION(DataStorage)
318 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
319 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
320 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
321 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
323 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
326 * Check if it was a store fault, if not then bail
327 * because a user tried to access a kernel or
328 * read-protected page. Otherwise, get the
329 * offending address and handle it.
332 andis. r10, r10, ESR_ST@h
335 mfspr r10, SPRN_DEAR /* Get faulting address */
337 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
338 * kernel page tables.
343 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
344 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
347 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
351 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
356 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
357 mfspr r12,SPRN_MMUCR /* Get MMUCR */
358 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
359 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
364 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
365 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
366 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
367 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
369 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
370 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
372 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_RW /* Is it writeable? */
373 beq 2f /* Bail if not */
377 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_DIRTY|_PAGE_ACCESSED|_PAGE_HWWRITE
378 stw r11, 4(r12) /* Update Linux page table */
380 li r13, PPC44x_TLB_SR@l /* Set SR */
381 rlwimi r13, r11, 29, 29, 29 /* SX = _PAGE_HWEXEC */
382 rlwimi r13, r11, 0, 30, 30 /* SW = _PAGE_RW */
383 rlwimi r13, r11, 29, 28, 28 /* UR = _PAGE_USER */
384 rlwimi r12, r11, 31, 26, 26 /* (_PAGE_USER>>1)->r12 */
385 rlwimi r12, r11, 29, 30, 30 /* (_PAGE_USER>>3)->r12 */
386 and r12, r12, r11 /* HWEXEC/RW & USER */
387 rlwimi r13, r12, 0, 26, 26 /* UX = HWEXEC & USER */
388 rlwimi r13, r12, 3, 27, 27 /* UW = RW & USER */
390 rlwimi r11,r13,0,26,31 /* Insert static perms */
392 rlwinm r11,r11,0,20,15 /* Clear U0-U3 */
394 /* find the TLB index that caused the fault. It has to be here. */
397 tlbwe r11, r10, PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Write ATTRIB */
399 /* Done...restore registers and get out of here.
401 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
403 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
404 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
406 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
407 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
408 rfi /* Force context change */
412 * The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
413 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
415 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
417 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
418 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
420 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
421 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
424 /* Instruction Storage Interrupt */
425 INSTRUCTION_STORAGE_EXCEPTION
427 /* External Input Interrupt */
428 EXCEPTION(0x0500, ExternalInput, do_IRQ, EXC_XFER_LITE)
430 /* Alignment Interrupt */
433 /* Program Interrupt */
436 /* Floating Point Unavailable Interrupt */
437 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_FPU
438 FP_UNAVAILABLE_EXCEPTION
440 EXCEPTION(0x2010, FloatingPointUnavailable, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
443 /* System Call Interrupt */
444 START_EXCEPTION(SystemCall)
445 NORMAL_EXCEPTION_PROLOG
446 EXC_XFER_EE_LITE(0x0c00, DoSyscall)
448 /* Auxillary Processor Unavailable Interrupt */
449 EXCEPTION(0x2020, AuxillaryProcessorUnavailable, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
451 /* Decrementer Interrupt */
452 DECREMENTER_EXCEPTION
454 /* Fixed Internal Timer Interrupt */
455 /* TODO: Add FIT support */
456 EXCEPTION(0x1010, FixedIntervalTimer, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
458 /* Watchdog Timer Interrupt */
459 /* TODO: Add watchdog support */
460 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOKE_WDT
461 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x1020, WatchdogTimer, WatchdogException)
463 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x1020, WatchdogTimer, unknown_exception)
466 /* Data TLB Error Interrupt */
467 START_EXCEPTION(DataTLBError)
468 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
469 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
470 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
471 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
473 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
474 mfspr r10, SPRN_DEAR /* Get faulting address */
476 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
477 * kernel page tables.
482 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
483 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
486 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
490 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
495 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
497 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
498 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
503 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
504 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
505 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
506 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
508 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
509 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
510 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_PRESENT /* Is the page present? */
511 beq 2f /* Bail if not present */
513 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_ACCESSED
516 /* Jump to common tlb load */
520 /* The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
521 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
523 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
525 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
526 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
527 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
528 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
531 /* Instruction TLB Error Interrupt */
533 * Nearly the same as above, except we get our
534 * information from different registers and bailout
535 * to a different point.
537 START_EXCEPTION(InstructionTLBError)
538 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
539 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
540 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
541 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
543 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
544 mfspr r10, SPRN_SRR0 /* Get faulting address */
546 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
547 * kernel page tables.
552 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
553 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
556 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
560 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
565 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
567 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
568 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
573 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
574 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
575 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
576 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
578 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
579 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
580 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_PRESENT /* Is the page present? */
581 beq 2f /* Bail if not present */
583 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_ACCESSED
586 /* Jump to common TLB load point */
590 /* The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
591 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
593 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
595 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
596 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
597 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
598 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
601 /* Debug Interrupt */
608 * Data TLB exceptions will bail out to this point
609 * if they can't resolve the lightweight TLB fault.
612 NORMAL_EXCEPTION_PROLOG
613 mfspr r5,SPRN_ESR /* Grab the ESR, save it, pass arg3 */
615 mfspr r4,SPRN_DEAR /* Grab the DEAR, save it, pass arg2 */
616 EXC_XFER_EE_LITE(0x0300, handle_page_fault)
620 * Both the instruction and data TLB miss get to this
621 * point to load the TLB.
623 * r11 - available to use
624 * r12 - Pointer to the 64-bit PTE
625 * r13 - available to use
626 * MMUCR - loaded with proper value when we get here
627 * Upon exit, we reload everything and RFI.
631 * We set execute, because we don't have the granularity to
632 * properly set this at the page level (Linux problem).
633 * If shared is set, we cause a zero PID->TID load.
634 * Many of these bits are software only. Bits we don't set
635 * here we (properly should) assume have the appropriate value.
638 /* Load the next available TLB index */
639 lis r13, tlb_44x_index@ha
640 lwz r13, tlb_44x_index@l(r13)
641 /* Load the TLB high watermark */
642 lis r11, tlb_44x_hwater@ha
643 lwz r11, tlb_44x_hwater@l(r11)
645 /* Increment, rollover, and store TLB index */
647 cmpw 0, r13, r11 /* reserve entries */
651 /* Store the next available TLB index */
652 lis r11, tlb_44x_index@ha
653 stw r13, tlb_44x_index@l(r11)
655 lwz r11, 0(r12) /* Get MS word of PTE */
656 lwz r12, 4(r12) /* Get LS word of PTE */
657 rlwimi r11, r12, 0, 0 , 19 /* Insert RPN */
658 tlbwe r11, r13, PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Write XLAT */
661 * Create PAGEID. This is the faulting address,
662 * page size, and valid flag.
664 li r11, PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_4K
665 rlwimi r10, r11, 0, 20, 31 /* Insert valid and page size */
666 tlbwe r10, r13, PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Write PAGEID */
668 li r10, PPC44x_TLB_SR@l /* Set SR */
669 rlwimi r10, r12, 0, 30, 30 /* Set SW = _PAGE_RW */
670 rlwimi r10, r12, 29, 29, 29 /* SX = _PAGE_HWEXEC */
671 rlwimi r10, r12, 29, 28, 28 /* UR = _PAGE_USER */
672 rlwimi r11, r12, 31, 26, 26 /* (_PAGE_USER>>1)->r12 */
673 and r11, r12, r11 /* HWEXEC & USER */
674 rlwimi r10, r11, 0, 26, 26 /* UX = HWEXEC & USER */
676 rlwimi r12, r10, 0, 26, 31 /* Insert static perms */
677 rlwinm r12, r12, 0, 20, 15 /* Clear U0-U3 */
678 tlbwe r12, r13, PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Write ATTRIB */
680 /* Done...restore registers and get out of here.
682 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
684 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
685 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
686 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
687 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
688 rfi /* Force context change */
695 * extern void giveup_altivec(struct task_struct *prev)
697 * The 44x core does not have an AltiVec unit.
699 _GLOBAL(giveup_altivec)
703 * extern void giveup_fpu(struct task_struct *prev)
705 * The 44x core does not have an FPU.
707 #ifndef CONFIG_PPC_FPU
713 * extern void abort(void)
715 * At present, this routine just applies a system reset.
719 oris r13,r13,DBCR0_RST_SYSTEM@h
724 #ifdef CONFIG_BDI_SWITCH
725 /* Context switch the PTE pointer for the Abatron BDI2000.
726 * The PGDIR is the second parameter.
728 lis r5, abatron_pteptrs@h
729 ori r5, r5, abatron_pteptrs@l
733 isync /* Force context change */
737 * We put a few things here that have to be page-aligned. This stuff
738 * goes at the beginning of the data segment, which is page-aligned.
744 .globl empty_zero_page
749 * To support >32-bit physical addresses, we use an 8KB pgdir.
751 .globl swapper_pg_dir
755 /* Reserved 4k for the critical exception stack & 4k for the machine
756 * check stack per CPU for kernel mode exceptions */
759 exception_stack_bottom:
760 .space BOOKE_EXCEPTION_STACK_SIZE
761 .globl exception_stack_top
765 * This space gets a copy of optional info passed to us by the bootstrap
766 * which is used to pass parameters into the kernel like root=/dev/sda1, etc.
773 * Room for two PTE pointers, usually the kernel and current user pointers
774 * to their respective root page table.