2 * arch/ppc/kernel/head_44x.S
4 * Kernel execution entry point code.
6 * Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Gary Thomas <gdt@linuxppc.org>
7 * Initial PowerPC version.
8 * Copyright (c) 1996 Cort Dougan <cort@cs.nmt.edu>
10 * Copyright (c) 1996 Paul Mackerras <paulus@cs.anu.edu.au>
11 * Low-level exception handers, MMU support, and rewrite.
12 * Copyright (c) 1997 Dan Malek <dmalek@jlc.net>
13 * PowerPC 8xx modifications.
14 * Copyright (c) 1998-1999 TiVo, Inc.
15 * PowerPC 403GCX modifications.
16 * Copyright (c) 1999 Grant Erickson <grant@lcse.umn.edu>
17 * PowerPC 403GCX/405GP modifications.
18 * Copyright 2000 MontaVista Software Inc.
19 * PPC405 modifications
20 * PowerPC 403GCX/405GP modifications.
21 * Author: MontaVista Software, Inc.
22 * frank_rowand@mvista.com or source@mvista.com
23 * debbie_chu@mvista.com
24 * Copyright 2002-2005 MontaVista Software, Inc.
25 * PowerPC 44x support, Matt Porter <mporter@kernel.crashing.org>
27 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
28 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
29 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
30 * option) any later version.
33 #include <linux/config.h>
34 #include <asm/processor.h>
37 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
38 #include <asm/ibm4xx.h>
39 #include <asm/ibm44x.h>
40 #include <asm/cputable.h>
41 #include <asm/thread_info.h>
42 #include <asm/ppc_asm.h>
43 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
44 #include "head_booke.h"
47 /* As with the other PowerPC ports, it is expected that when code
48 * execution begins here, the following registers contain valid, yet
49 * optional, information:
51 * r3 - Board info structure pointer (DRAM, frequency, MAC address, etc.)
52 * r4 - Starting address of the init RAM disk
53 * r5 - Ending address of the init RAM disk
54 * r6 - Start of kernel command line string (e.g. "mem=128")
55 * r7 - End of kernel command line string
62 * Reserve a word at a fixed location to store the address
67 * Save parameters we are passed
74 li r24,0 /* CPU number */
77 * Set up the initial MMU state
79 * We are still executing code at the virtual address
80 * mappings set by the firmware for the base of RAM.
82 * We first invalidate all TLB entries but the one
83 * we are running from. We then load the KERNELBASE
84 * mappings so we can begin to use kernel addresses
85 * natively and so the interrupt vector locations are
86 * permanently pinned (necessary since Book E
87 * implementations always have translation enabled).
89 * TODO: Use the known TLB entry we are running from to
90 * determine which physical region we are located
91 * in. This can be used to determine where in RAM
92 * (on a shared CPU system) or PCI memory space
93 * (on a DRAMless system) we are located.
94 * For now, we assume a perfect world which means
95 * we are located at the base of DRAM (physical 0).
99 * Search TLB for entry that we are currently using.
100 * Invalidate all entries but the one we are using.
102 /* Load our current PID->MMUCR TID and MSR IS->MMUCR STS */
103 mfspr r3,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
104 mfmsr r4 /* Get MSR */
105 andi. r4,r4,MSR_IS@l /* TS=1? */
106 beq wmmucr /* If not, leave STS=0 */
107 oris r3,r3,PPC44x_MMUCR_STS@h /* Set STS=1 */
108 wmmucr: mtspr SPRN_MMUCR,r3 /* Put MMUCR */
111 bl invstr /* Find our address */
112 invstr: mflr r5 /* Make it accessible */
113 tlbsx r23,0,r5 /* Find entry we are in */
114 li r4,0 /* Start at TLB entry 0 */
115 li r3,0 /* Set PAGEID inval value */
116 1: cmpw r23,r4 /* Is this our entry? */
117 beq skpinv /* If so, skip the inval */
118 tlbwe r3,r4,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* If not, inval the entry */
119 skpinv: addi r4,r4,1 /* Increment */
120 cmpwi r4,64 /* Are we done? */
121 bne 1b /* If not, repeat */
122 isync /* If so, context change */
125 * Configure and load pinned entry into TLB slot 63.
128 lis r3,KERNELBASE@h /* Load the kernel virtual address */
129 ori r3,r3,KERNELBASE@l
131 /* Kernel is at the base of RAM */
132 li r4, 0 /* Load the kernel physical address */
134 /* Load the kernel PID = 0 */
139 /* Initialize MMUCR */
145 clrrwi r3,r3,10 /* Mask off the effective page number */
146 ori r3,r3,PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_256M
149 clrrwi r4,r4,10 /* Mask off the real page number */
150 /* ERPN is 0 for first 4GB page */
153 /* Added guarded bit to protect against speculative loads/stores */
155 ori r5,r5,(PPC44x_TLB_SW | PPC44x_TLB_SR | PPC44x_TLB_SX | PPC44x_TLB_G)
157 li r0,63 /* TLB slot 63 */
159 tlbwe r3,r0,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Load the pageid fields */
160 tlbwe r4,r0,PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Load the translation fields */
161 tlbwe r5,r0,PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Load the attrib/access fields */
163 /* Force context change */
172 /* If necessary, invalidate original entry we used */
176 tlbwe r6,r23,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID
180 #ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_TEXT_DEBUG
182 * Add temporary UART mapping for early debug.
183 * We can map UART registers wherever we want as long as they don't
184 * interfere with other system mappings (e.g. with pinned entries).
185 * For an example of how we handle this - see ocotea.h. --ebs
188 lis r3,UART0_IO_BASE@h
189 ori r3,r3,PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_4K
192 lis r4,UART0_PHYS_IO_BASE@h /* RPN depends on SoC */
194 ori r4,r4,0x0001 /* ERPN is 1 for second 4GB page */
199 ori r5,r5,(PPC44x_TLB_SW | PPC44x_TLB_SR | PPC44x_TLB_I | PPC44x_TLB_G)
201 li r0,0 /* TLB slot 0 */
203 tlbwe r3,r0,PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Load the pageid fields */
204 tlbwe r4,r0,PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Load the translation fields */
205 tlbwe r5,r0,PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Load the attrib/access fields */
207 /* Force context change */
209 #endif /* CONFIG_SERIAL_TEXT_DEBUG */
211 /* Establish the interrupt vector offsets */
212 SET_IVOR(0, CriticalInput);
213 SET_IVOR(1, MachineCheck);
214 SET_IVOR(2, DataStorage);
215 SET_IVOR(3, InstructionStorage);
216 SET_IVOR(4, ExternalInput);
217 SET_IVOR(5, Alignment);
218 SET_IVOR(6, Program);
219 SET_IVOR(7, FloatingPointUnavailable);
220 SET_IVOR(8, SystemCall);
221 SET_IVOR(9, AuxillaryProcessorUnavailable);
222 SET_IVOR(10, Decrementer);
223 SET_IVOR(11, FixedIntervalTimer);
224 SET_IVOR(12, WatchdogTimer);
225 SET_IVOR(13, DataTLBError);
226 SET_IVOR(14, InstructionTLBError);
229 /* Establish the interrupt vector base */
230 lis r4,interrupt_base@h /* IVPR only uses the high 16-bits */
234 /* Clear DAPUIB flag in CCR0 (enable APU between CPU and FPU) */
244 * This is where the main kernel code starts.
249 ori r2,r2,init_task@l
251 /* ptr to current thread */
252 addi r4,r2,THREAD /* init task's THREAD */
256 lis r1,init_thread_union@h
257 ori r1,r1,init_thread_union@l
259 stwu r0,THREAD_SIZE-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r1)
264 * Decide what sort of machine this is and initialize the MMU.
274 /* Setup PTE pointers for the Abatron bdiGDB */
275 lis r6, swapper_pg_dir@h
276 ori r6, r6, swapper_pg_dir@l
277 lis r5, abatron_pteptrs@h
278 ori r5, r5, abatron_pteptrs@l
280 ori r4, r4, KERNELBASE@l
281 stw r5, 0(r4) /* Save abatron_pteptrs at a fixed location */
285 lis r4,start_kernel@h
286 ori r4,r4,start_kernel@l
288 ori r3,r3,MSR_KERNEL@l
291 rfi /* change context and jump to start_kernel */
294 * Interrupt vector entry code
296 * The Book E MMUs are always on so we don't need to handle
297 * interrupts in real mode as with previous PPC processors. In
298 * this case we handle interrupts in the kernel virtual address
301 * Interrupt vectors are dynamically placed relative to the
302 * interrupt prefix as determined by the address of interrupt_base.
303 * The interrupt vectors offsets are programmed using the labels
304 * for each interrupt vector entry.
306 * Interrupt vectors must be aligned on a 16 byte boundary.
307 * We align on a 32 byte cache line boundary for good measure.
311 /* Critical Input Interrupt */
312 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x0100, CriticalInput, unknown_exception)
314 /* Machine Check Interrupt */
316 MCHECK_EXCEPTION(0x0200, MachineCheck, machine_check_exception)
318 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x0200, MachineCheck, machine_check_exception)
321 /* Data Storage Interrupt */
322 START_EXCEPTION(DataStorage)
323 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
324 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
325 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
326 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
328 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
331 * Check if it was a store fault, if not then bail
332 * because a user tried to access a kernel or
333 * read-protected page. Otherwise, get the
334 * offending address and handle it.
337 andis. r10, r10, ESR_ST@h
340 mfspr r10, SPRN_DEAR /* Get faulting address */
342 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
343 * kernel page tables.
348 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
349 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
352 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
356 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
361 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
362 mfspr r12,SPRN_MMUCR /* Get MMUCR */
363 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
364 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
369 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
370 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
371 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
372 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
374 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
375 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
377 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_RW /* Is it writeable? */
378 beq 2f /* Bail if not */
382 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_DIRTY|_PAGE_ACCESSED|_PAGE_HWWRITE
383 stw r11, 4(r12) /* Update Linux page table */
385 li r13, PPC44x_TLB_SR@l /* Set SR */
386 rlwimi r13, r11, 29, 29, 29 /* SX = _PAGE_HWEXEC */
387 rlwimi r13, r11, 0, 30, 30 /* SW = _PAGE_RW */
388 rlwimi r13, r11, 29, 28, 28 /* UR = _PAGE_USER */
389 rlwimi r12, r11, 31, 26, 26 /* (_PAGE_USER>>1)->r12 */
390 rlwimi r12, r11, 29, 30, 30 /* (_PAGE_USER>>3)->r12 */
391 and r12, r12, r11 /* HWEXEC/RW & USER */
392 rlwimi r13, r12, 0, 26, 26 /* UX = HWEXEC & USER */
393 rlwimi r13, r12, 3, 27, 27 /* UW = RW & USER */
395 rlwimi r11,r13,0,26,31 /* Insert static perms */
397 rlwinm r11,r11,0,20,15 /* Clear U0-U3 */
399 /* find the TLB index that caused the fault. It has to be here. */
402 tlbwe r11, r10, PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Write ATTRIB */
404 /* Done...restore registers and get out of here.
406 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
408 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
409 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
411 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
412 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
413 rfi /* Force context change */
417 * The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
418 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
420 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
422 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
423 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
425 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
426 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
429 /* Instruction Storage Interrupt */
430 INSTRUCTION_STORAGE_EXCEPTION
432 /* External Input Interrupt */
433 EXCEPTION(0x0500, ExternalInput, do_IRQ, EXC_XFER_LITE)
435 /* Alignment Interrupt */
438 /* Program Interrupt */
441 /* Floating Point Unavailable Interrupt */
442 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_FPU
443 FP_UNAVAILABLE_EXCEPTION
445 EXCEPTION(0x2010, FloatingPointUnavailable, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
448 /* System Call Interrupt */
449 START_EXCEPTION(SystemCall)
450 NORMAL_EXCEPTION_PROLOG
451 EXC_XFER_EE_LITE(0x0c00, DoSyscall)
453 /* Auxillary Processor Unavailable Interrupt */
454 EXCEPTION(0x2020, AuxillaryProcessorUnavailable, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
456 /* Decrementer Interrupt */
457 DECREMENTER_EXCEPTION
459 /* Fixed Internal Timer Interrupt */
460 /* TODO: Add FIT support */
461 EXCEPTION(0x1010, FixedIntervalTimer, unknown_exception, EXC_XFER_EE)
463 /* Watchdog Timer Interrupt */
464 /* TODO: Add watchdog support */
465 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOKE_WDT
466 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x1020, WatchdogTimer, WatchdogException)
468 CRITICAL_EXCEPTION(0x1020, WatchdogTimer, unknown_exception)
471 /* Data TLB Error Interrupt */
472 START_EXCEPTION(DataTLBError)
473 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
474 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
475 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
476 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
478 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
479 mfspr r10, SPRN_DEAR /* Get faulting address */
481 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
482 * kernel page tables.
487 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
488 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
491 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
495 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
500 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
502 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
503 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
508 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
509 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
510 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
511 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
513 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
514 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
515 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_PRESENT /* Is the page present? */
516 beq 2f /* Bail if not present */
518 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_ACCESSED
521 /* Jump to common tlb load */
525 /* The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
526 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
528 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
530 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
531 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
532 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
533 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
536 /* Instruction TLB Error Interrupt */
538 * Nearly the same as above, except we get our
539 * information from different registers and bailout
540 * to a different point.
542 START_EXCEPTION(InstructionTLBError)
543 mtspr SPRN_SPRG0, r10 /* Save some working registers */
544 mtspr SPRN_SPRG1, r11
545 mtspr SPRN_SPRG4W, r12
546 mtspr SPRN_SPRG5W, r13
548 mtspr SPRN_SPRG7W, r11
549 mfspr r10, SPRN_SRR0 /* Get faulting address */
551 /* If we are faulting a kernel address, we have to use the
552 * kernel page tables.
557 lis r11, swapper_pg_dir@h
558 ori r11, r11, swapper_pg_dir@l
561 rlwinm r12,r12,0,0,23 /* Clear TID */
565 /* Get the PGD for the current thread */
570 /* Load PID into MMUCR TID */
572 mfspr r13,SPRN_PID /* Get PID */
573 rlwimi r12,r13,0,24,31 /* Set TID */
578 rlwinm r12, r10, 13, 19, 29 /* Compute pgdir/pmd offset */
579 lwzx r11, r12, r11 /* Get pgd/pmd entry */
580 rlwinm. r12, r11, 0, 0, 20 /* Extract pt base address */
581 beq 2f /* Bail if no table */
583 rlwimi r12, r10, 23, 20, 28 /* Compute pte address */
584 lwz r11, 4(r12) /* Get pte entry */
585 andi. r13, r11, _PAGE_PRESENT /* Is the page present? */
586 beq 2f /* Bail if not present */
588 ori r11, r11, _PAGE_ACCESSED
591 /* Jump to common TLB load point */
595 /* The bailout. Restore registers to pre-exception conditions
596 * and call the heavyweights to help us out.
598 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
600 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
601 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
602 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
603 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
606 /* Debug Interrupt */
613 * Data TLB exceptions will bail out to this point
614 * if they can't resolve the lightweight TLB fault.
617 NORMAL_EXCEPTION_PROLOG
618 mfspr r5,SPRN_ESR /* Grab the ESR, save it, pass arg3 */
620 mfspr r4,SPRN_DEAR /* Grab the DEAR, save it, pass arg2 */
621 EXC_XFER_EE_LITE(0x0300, handle_page_fault)
625 * Both the instruction and data TLB miss get to this
626 * point to load the TLB.
628 * r11 - available to use
629 * r12 - Pointer to the 64-bit PTE
630 * r13 - available to use
631 * MMUCR - loaded with proper value when we get here
632 * Upon exit, we reload everything and RFI.
636 * We set execute, because we don't have the granularity to
637 * properly set this at the page level (Linux problem).
638 * If shared is set, we cause a zero PID->TID load.
639 * Many of these bits are software only. Bits we don't set
640 * here we (properly should) assume have the appropriate value.
643 /* Load the next available TLB index */
644 lis r13, tlb_44x_index@ha
645 lwz r13, tlb_44x_index@l(r13)
646 /* Load the TLB high watermark */
647 lis r11, tlb_44x_hwater@ha
648 lwz r11, tlb_44x_hwater@l(r11)
650 /* Increment, rollover, and store TLB index */
652 cmpw 0, r13, r11 /* reserve entries */
656 /* Store the next available TLB index */
657 lis r11, tlb_44x_index@ha
658 stw r13, tlb_44x_index@l(r11)
660 lwz r11, 0(r12) /* Get MS word of PTE */
661 lwz r12, 4(r12) /* Get LS word of PTE */
662 rlwimi r11, r12, 0, 0 , 19 /* Insert RPN */
663 tlbwe r11, r13, PPC44x_TLB_XLAT /* Write XLAT */
666 * Create PAGEID. This is the faulting address,
667 * page size, and valid flag.
669 li r11, PPC44x_TLB_VALID | PPC44x_TLB_4K
670 rlwimi r10, r11, 0, 20, 31 /* Insert valid and page size */
671 tlbwe r10, r13, PPC44x_TLB_PAGEID /* Write PAGEID */
673 li r10, PPC44x_TLB_SR@l /* Set SR */
674 rlwimi r10, r12, 0, 30, 30 /* Set SW = _PAGE_RW */
675 rlwimi r10, r12, 29, 29, 29 /* SX = _PAGE_HWEXEC */
676 rlwimi r10, r12, 29, 28, 28 /* UR = _PAGE_USER */
677 rlwimi r11, r12, 31, 26, 26 /* (_PAGE_USER>>1)->r12 */
678 and r11, r12, r11 /* HWEXEC & USER */
679 rlwimi r10, r11, 0, 26, 26 /* UX = HWEXEC & USER */
681 rlwimi r12, r10, 0, 26, 31 /* Insert static perms */
682 rlwinm r12, r12, 0, 20, 15 /* Clear U0-U3 */
683 tlbwe r12, r13, PPC44x_TLB_ATTRIB /* Write ATTRIB */
685 /* Done...restore registers and get out of here.
687 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG7R
689 mfspr r13, SPRN_SPRG5R
690 mfspr r12, SPRN_SPRG4R
691 mfspr r11, SPRN_SPRG1
692 mfspr r10, SPRN_SPRG0
693 rfi /* Force context change */
700 * extern void giveup_altivec(struct task_struct *prev)
702 * The 44x core does not have an AltiVec unit.
704 _GLOBAL(giveup_altivec)
708 * extern void giveup_fpu(struct task_struct *prev)
710 * The 44x core does not have an FPU.
712 #ifndef CONFIG_PPC_FPU
718 * extern void abort(void)
720 * At present, this routine just applies a system reset.
724 oris r13,r13,DBCR0_RST_SYSTEM@h
729 #ifdef CONFIG_BDI_SWITCH
730 /* Context switch the PTE pointer for the Abatron BDI2000.
731 * The PGDIR is the second parameter.
733 lis r5, abatron_pteptrs@h
734 ori r5, r5, abatron_pteptrs@l
738 isync /* Force context change */
742 * We put a few things here that have to be page-aligned. This stuff
743 * goes at the beginning of the data segment, which is page-aligned.
749 .globl empty_zero_page
754 * To support >32-bit physical addresses, we use an 8KB pgdir.
756 .globl swapper_pg_dir
760 /* Reserved 4k for the critical exception stack & 4k for the machine
761 * check stack per CPU for kernel mode exceptions */
764 exception_stack_bottom:
765 .space BOOKE_EXCEPTION_STACK_SIZE
766 .globl exception_stack_top
770 * This space gets a copy of optional info passed to us by the bootstrap
771 * which is used to pass parameters into the kernel like root=/dev/sda1, etc.
778 * Room for two PTE pointers, usually the kernel and current user pointers
779 * to their respective root page table.