2 * Machine check handler.
3 * K8 parts Copyright 2002,2003 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
4 * Rest from unknown author(s).
5 * 2004 Andi Kleen. Rewrote most of it.
8 #include <linux/init.h>
9 #include <linux/types.h>
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/sched.h>
12 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
13 #include <linux/string.h>
14 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
15 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
16 #include <linux/sysdev.h>
17 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
19 #include <linux/capability.h>
20 #include <linux/cpu.h>
21 #include <linux/percpu.h>
22 #include <linux/poll.h>
23 #include <linux/thread_info.h>
24 #include <linux/ctype.h>
25 #include <linux/kmod.h>
26 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
27 #include <asm/processor.h>
30 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
34 #define MISC_MCELOG_MINOR 227
35 #define NR_SYSFS_BANKS 6
39 static int mce_dont_init;
43 * 0: always panic on uncorrected errors, log corrected errors
44 * 1: panic or SIGBUS on uncorrected errors, log corrected errors
45 * 2: SIGBUS or log uncorrected errors (if possible), log corrected errors
46 * 3: never panic or SIGBUS, log all errors (for testing only)
48 static int tolerant = 1;
50 static unsigned long bank[NR_SYSFS_BANKS] = { [0 ... NR_SYSFS_BANKS-1] = ~0UL };
51 static unsigned long notify_user;
53 static int mce_bootlog = -1;
54 static atomic_t mce_events;
56 static char trigger[128];
57 static char *trigger_argv[2] = { trigger, NULL };
59 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(mce_wait);
62 * Lockless MCE logging infrastructure.
63 * This avoids deadlocks on printk locks without having to break locks. Also
64 * separate MCEs from kernel messages to avoid bogus bug reports.
67 static struct mce_log mcelog = {
72 void mce_log(struct mce *mce)
75 atomic_inc(&mce_events);
79 entry = rcu_dereference(mcelog.next);
81 /* When the buffer fills up discard new entries. Assume
82 that the earlier errors are the more interesting. */
83 if (entry >= MCE_LOG_LEN) {
84 set_bit(MCE_OVERFLOW, (unsigned long *)&mcelog.flags);
87 /* Old left over entry. Skip. */
88 if (mcelog.entry[entry].finished) {
96 if (cmpxchg(&mcelog.next, entry, next) == entry)
99 memcpy(mcelog.entry + entry, mce, sizeof(struct mce));
101 mcelog.entry[entry].finished = 1;
104 set_bit(0, ¬ify_user);
107 static void print_mce(struct mce *m)
109 printk(KERN_EMERG "\n"
110 KERN_EMERG "HARDWARE ERROR\n"
112 "CPU %d: Machine Check Exception: %16Lx Bank %d: %016Lx\n",
113 m->cpu, m->mcgstatus, m->bank, m->status);
115 printk(KERN_EMERG "RIP%s %02x:<%016Lx> ",
116 !(m->mcgstatus & MCG_STATUS_EIPV) ? " !INEXACT!" : "",
118 if (m->cs == __KERNEL_CS)
119 print_symbol("{%s}", m->ip);
122 printk(KERN_EMERG "TSC %Lx ", m->tsc);
124 printk("ADDR %Lx ", m->addr);
126 printk("MISC %Lx ", m->misc);
128 printk(KERN_EMERG "This is not a software problem!\n");
129 printk(KERN_EMERG "Run through mcelog --ascii to decode "
130 "and contact your hardware vendor\n");
133 static void mce_panic(char *msg, struct mce *backup, unsigned long start)
138 for (i = 0; i < MCE_LOG_LEN; i++) {
139 unsigned long tsc = mcelog.entry[i].tsc;
141 if (time_before(tsc, start))
143 print_mce(&mcelog.entry[i]);
144 if (backup && mcelog.entry[i].tsc == backup->tsc)
152 static int mce_available(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
154 return cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_MCE) && cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_MCA);
157 static inline void mce_get_rip(struct mce *m, struct pt_regs *regs)
159 if (regs && (m->mcgstatus & MCG_STATUS_RIPV)) {
167 /* Assume the RIP in the MSR is exact. Is this true? */
168 m->mcgstatus |= MCG_STATUS_EIPV;
169 rdmsrl(rip_msr, m->ip);
175 * The actual machine check handler
177 void do_machine_check(struct pt_regs * regs, long error_code)
179 struct mce m, panicm;
182 int panicm_found = 0;
184 * If no_way_out gets set, there is no safe way to recover from this
185 * MCE. If tolerant is cranked up, we'll try anyway.
189 * If kill_it gets set, there might be a way to recover from this
194 atomic_inc(&mce_entry);
197 && notify_die(DIE_NMI, "machine check", regs, error_code,
198 18, SIGKILL) == NOTIFY_STOP)
202 memset(&m, 0, sizeof(struct mce));
203 m.cpu = smp_processor_id();
204 rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCG_STATUS, m.mcgstatus);
205 /* if the restart IP is not valid, we're done for */
206 if (!(m.mcgstatus & MCG_STATUS_RIPV))
212 for (i = 0; i < banks; i++) {
213 if (i < NR_SYSFS_BANKS && !bank[i])
221 rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MC0_STATUS + i*4, m.status);
222 if ((m.status & MCI_STATUS_VAL) == 0)
225 if (m.status & MCI_STATUS_EN) {
226 /* if PCC was set, there's no way out */
227 no_way_out |= !!(m.status & MCI_STATUS_PCC);
229 * If this error was uncorrectable and there was
230 * an overflow, we're in trouble. If no overflow,
231 * we might get away with just killing a task.
233 if (m.status & MCI_STATUS_UC) {
234 if (tolerant < 1 || m.status & MCI_STATUS_OVER)
240 if (m.status & MCI_STATUS_MISCV)
241 rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MC0_MISC + i*4, m.misc);
242 if (m.status & MCI_STATUS_ADDRV)
243 rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MC0_ADDR + i*4, m.addr);
245 mce_get_rip(&m, regs);
248 if (error_code != -2)
251 /* Did this bank cause the exception? */
252 /* Assume that the bank with uncorrectable errors did it,
253 and that there is only a single one. */
254 if ((m.status & MCI_STATUS_UC) && (m.status & MCI_STATUS_EN)) {
259 add_taint(TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK);
262 /* Never do anything final in the polling timer */
266 /* If we didn't find an uncorrectable error, pick
267 the last one (shouldn't happen, just being safe). */
272 * If we have decided that we just CAN'T continue, and the user
273 * has not set tolerant to an insane level, give up and die.
275 if (no_way_out && tolerant < 3)
276 mce_panic("Machine check", &panicm, mcestart);
279 * If the error seems to be unrecoverable, something should be
280 * done. Try to kill as little as possible. If we can kill just
281 * one task, do that. If the user has set the tolerance very
282 * high, don't try to do anything at all.
284 if (kill_it && tolerant < 3) {
288 * If the EIPV bit is set, it means the saved IP is the
289 * instruction which caused the MCE.
291 if (m.mcgstatus & MCG_STATUS_EIPV)
292 user_space = panicm.ip && (panicm.cs & 3);
295 * If we know that the error was in user space, send a
296 * SIGBUS. Otherwise, panic if tolerance is low.
298 * do_exit() takes an awful lot of locks and has a slight
299 * risk of deadlocking.
303 } else if (panic_on_oops || tolerant < 2) {
304 mce_panic("Uncorrected machine check",
309 /* notify userspace ASAP */
310 set_thread_flag(TIF_MCE_NOTIFY);
313 /* the last thing we do is clear state */
314 for (i = 0; i < banks; i++)
315 wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_MC0_STATUS+4*i, 0);
316 wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCG_STATUS, 0);
318 atomic_dec(&mce_entry);
321 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_MCE_INTEL
323 * mce_log_therm_throt_event - Logs the thermal throttling event to mcelog
324 * @cpu: The CPU on which the event occurred.
325 * @status: Event status information
327 * This function should be called by the thermal interrupt after the
328 * event has been processed and the decision was made to log the event
331 * The status parameter will be saved to the 'status' field of 'struct mce'
332 * and historically has been the register value of the
333 * MSR_IA32_THERMAL_STATUS (Intel) msr.
335 void mce_log_therm_throt_event(unsigned int cpu, __u64 status)
339 memset(&m, 0, sizeof(m));
341 m.bank = MCE_THERMAL_BANK;
346 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_MCE_INTEL */
349 * Periodic polling timer for "silent" machine check errors. If the
350 * poller finds an MCE, poll 2x faster. When the poller finds no more
351 * errors, poll 2x slower (up to check_interval seconds).
354 static int check_interval = 5 * 60; /* 5 minutes */
355 static int next_interval; /* in jiffies */
356 static void mcheck_timer(struct work_struct *work);
357 static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(mcheck_work, mcheck_timer);
359 static void mcheck_check_cpu(void *info)
361 if (mce_available(¤t_cpu_data))
362 do_machine_check(NULL, 0);
365 static void mcheck_timer(struct work_struct *work)
367 on_each_cpu(mcheck_check_cpu, NULL, 1);
370 * Alert userspace if needed. If we logged an MCE, reduce the
371 * polling interval, otherwise increase the polling interval.
373 if (mce_notify_user()) {
374 next_interval = max(next_interval/2, HZ/100);
376 next_interval = min(next_interval * 2,
377 (int)round_jiffies_relative(check_interval*HZ));
380 schedule_delayed_work(&mcheck_work, next_interval);
384 * This is only called from process context. This is where we do
385 * anything we need to alert userspace about new MCEs. This is called
386 * directly from the poller and also from entry.S and idle, thanks to
389 int mce_notify_user(void)
391 clear_thread_flag(TIF_MCE_NOTIFY);
392 if (test_and_clear_bit(0, ¬ify_user)) {
393 static unsigned long last_print;
394 unsigned long now = jiffies;
396 wake_up_interruptible(&mce_wait);
398 call_usermodehelper(trigger, trigger_argv, NULL,
401 if (time_after_eq(now, last_print + (check_interval*HZ))) {
403 printk(KERN_INFO "Machine check events logged\n");
411 /* see if the idle task needs to notify userspace */
413 mce_idle_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb, unsigned long action, void *junk)
415 /* IDLE_END should be safe - interrupts are back on */
416 if (action == IDLE_END && test_thread_flag(TIF_MCE_NOTIFY))
422 static struct notifier_block mce_idle_notifier = {
423 .notifier_call = mce_idle_callback,
426 static __init int periodic_mcheck_init(void)
428 next_interval = check_interval * HZ;
430 schedule_delayed_work(&mcheck_work,
431 round_jiffies_relative(next_interval));
432 idle_notifier_register(&mce_idle_notifier);
435 __initcall(periodic_mcheck_init);
439 * Initialize Machine Checks for a CPU.
441 static void mce_init(void *dummy)
446 rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_MCG_CAP, cap);
448 if (banks > MCE_EXTENDED_BANK) {
449 banks = MCE_EXTENDED_BANK;
450 printk(KERN_INFO "MCE: warning: using only %d banks\n",
453 /* Use accurate RIP reporting if available. */
454 if ((cap & (1<<9)) && ((cap >> 16) & 0xff) >= 9)
455 rip_msr = MSR_IA32_MCG_EIP;
457 /* Log the machine checks left over from the previous reset.
458 This also clears all registers */
459 do_machine_check(NULL, mce_bootlog ? -1 : -2);
461 set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_MCE);
464 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_MCG_CTL, 0xffffffff, 0xffffffff);
466 for (i = 0; i < banks; i++) {
467 if (i < NR_SYSFS_BANKS)
468 wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_MC0_CTL+4*i, bank[i]);
470 wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_MC0_CTL+4*i, ~0UL);
472 wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_MC0_STATUS+4*i, 0);
476 /* Add per CPU specific workarounds here */
477 static void __cpuinit mce_cpu_quirks(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
479 /* This should be disabled by the BIOS, but isn't always */
480 if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD) {
482 /* disable GART TBL walk error reporting, which trips off
483 incorrectly with the IOMMU & 3ware & Cerberus. */
484 clear_bit(10, &bank[4]);
485 if(c->x86 <= 17 && mce_bootlog < 0)
486 /* Lots of broken BIOS around that don't clear them
487 by default and leave crap in there. Don't log. */
493 static void __cpuinit mce_cpu_features(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
495 switch (c->x86_vendor) {
496 case X86_VENDOR_INTEL:
497 mce_intel_feature_init(c);
500 mce_amd_feature_init(c);
508 * Called for each booted CPU to set up machine checks.
509 * Must be called with preempt off.
511 void __cpuinit mcheck_init(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
513 static cpumask_t mce_cpus = CPU_MASK_NONE;
518 cpu_test_and_set(smp_processor_id(), mce_cpus) ||
527 * Character device to read and clear the MCE log.
530 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(mce_state_lock);
531 static int open_count; /* #times opened */
532 static int open_exclu; /* already open exclusive? */
534 static int mce_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
537 spin_lock(&mce_state_lock);
539 if (open_exclu || (open_count && (file->f_flags & O_EXCL))) {
540 spin_unlock(&mce_state_lock);
545 if (file->f_flags & O_EXCL)
549 spin_unlock(&mce_state_lock);
552 return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
555 static int mce_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
557 spin_lock(&mce_state_lock);
562 spin_unlock(&mce_state_lock);
567 static void collect_tscs(void *data)
569 unsigned long *cpu_tsc = (unsigned long *)data;
571 rdtscll(cpu_tsc[smp_processor_id()]);
574 static ssize_t mce_read(struct file *filp, char __user *ubuf, size_t usize,
577 unsigned long *cpu_tsc;
578 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mce_read_mutex);
580 char __user *buf = ubuf;
583 cpu_tsc = kmalloc(NR_CPUS * sizeof(long), GFP_KERNEL);
587 mutex_lock(&mce_read_mutex);
588 next = rcu_dereference(mcelog.next);
590 /* Only supports full reads right now */
591 if (*off != 0 || usize < MCE_LOG_LEN*sizeof(struct mce)) {
592 mutex_unlock(&mce_read_mutex);
598 for (i = 0; i < next; i++) {
599 unsigned long start = jiffies;
601 while (!mcelog.entry[i].finished) {
602 if (time_after_eq(jiffies, start + 2)) {
603 memset(mcelog.entry + i,0, sizeof(struct mce));
609 err |= copy_to_user(buf, mcelog.entry + i, sizeof(struct mce));
610 buf += sizeof(struct mce);
615 memset(mcelog.entry, 0, next * sizeof(struct mce));
621 * Collect entries that were still getting written before the
624 on_each_cpu(collect_tscs, cpu_tsc, 1);
625 for (i = next; i < MCE_LOG_LEN; i++) {
626 if (mcelog.entry[i].finished &&
627 mcelog.entry[i].tsc < cpu_tsc[mcelog.entry[i].cpu]) {
628 err |= copy_to_user(buf, mcelog.entry+i,
631 buf += sizeof(struct mce);
632 memset(&mcelog.entry[i], 0, sizeof(struct mce));
635 mutex_unlock(&mce_read_mutex);
637 return err ? -EFAULT : buf - ubuf;
640 static unsigned int mce_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
642 poll_wait(file, &mce_wait, wait);
643 if (rcu_dereference(mcelog.next))
644 return POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
648 static long mce_ioctl(struct file *f, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
650 int __user *p = (int __user *)arg;
652 if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
655 case MCE_GET_RECORD_LEN:
656 return put_user(sizeof(struct mce), p);
657 case MCE_GET_LOG_LEN:
658 return put_user(MCE_LOG_LEN, p);
659 case MCE_GETCLEAR_FLAGS: {
663 flags = mcelog.flags;
664 } while (cmpxchg(&mcelog.flags, flags, 0) != flags);
665 return put_user(flags, p);
672 static const struct file_operations mce_chrdev_ops = {
674 .release = mce_release,
677 .unlocked_ioctl = mce_ioctl,
680 static struct miscdevice mce_log_device = {
686 static unsigned long old_cr4 __initdata;
688 void __init stop_mce(void)
690 old_cr4 = read_cr4();
691 clear_in_cr4(X86_CR4_MCE);
694 void __init restart_mce(void)
696 if (old_cr4 & X86_CR4_MCE)
697 set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_MCE);
701 * Old style boot options parsing. Only for compatibility.
703 static int __init mcheck_disable(char *str)
709 /* mce=off disables machine check. Note you can re-enable it later
711 mce=TOLERANCELEVEL (number, see above)
712 mce=bootlog Log MCEs from before booting. Disabled by default on AMD.
713 mce=nobootlog Don't log MCEs from before booting. */
714 static int __init mcheck_enable(char *str)
716 if (!strcmp(str, "off"))
718 else if (!strcmp(str, "bootlog") || !strcmp(str,"nobootlog"))
719 mce_bootlog = str[0] == 'b';
720 else if (isdigit(str[0]))
721 get_option(&str, &tolerant);
723 printk("mce= argument %s ignored. Please use /sys", str);
727 __setup("nomce", mcheck_disable);
728 __setup("mce=", mcheck_enable);
734 /* On resume clear all MCE state. Don't want to see leftovers from the BIOS.
735 Only one CPU is active at this time, the others get readded later using
737 static int mce_resume(struct sys_device *dev)
743 /* Reinit MCEs after user configuration changes */
744 static void mce_restart(void)
747 cancel_delayed_work(&mcheck_work);
748 /* Timer race is harmless here */
749 on_each_cpu(mce_init, NULL, 1);
750 next_interval = check_interval * HZ;
752 schedule_delayed_work(&mcheck_work,
753 round_jiffies_relative(next_interval));
756 static struct sysdev_class mce_sysclass = {
757 .resume = mce_resume,
758 .name = "machinecheck",
761 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sys_device, device_mce);
763 /* Why are there no generic functions for this? */
764 #define ACCESSOR(name, var, start) \
765 static ssize_t show_ ## name(struct sys_device *s, char *buf) { \
766 return sprintf(buf, "%lx\n", (unsigned long)var); \
768 static ssize_t set_ ## name(struct sys_device *s,const char *buf,size_t siz) { \
770 unsigned long new = simple_strtoul(buf, &end, 0); \
771 if (end == buf) return -EINVAL; \
776 static SYSDEV_ATTR(name, 0644, show_ ## name, set_ ## name);
779 * TBD should generate these dynamically based on number of available banks.
780 * Have only 6 contol banks in /sysfs until then.
782 ACCESSOR(bank0ctl,bank[0],mce_restart())
783 ACCESSOR(bank1ctl,bank[1],mce_restart())
784 ACCESSOR(bank2ctl,bank[2],mce_restart())
785 ACCESSOR(bank3ctl,bank[3],mce_restart())
786 ACCESSOR(bank4ctl,bank[4],mce_restart())
787 ACCESSOR(bank5ctl,bank[5],mce_restart())
789 static ssize_t show_trigger(struct sys_device *s, char *buf)
791 strcpy(buf, trigger);
793 return strlen(trigger) + 1;
796 static ssize_t set_trigger(struct sys_device *s,const char *buf,size_t siz)
800 strncpy(trigger, buf, sizeof(trigger));
801 trigger[sizeof(trigger)-1] = 0;
802 len = strlen(trigger);
803 p = strchr(trigger, '\n');
808 static SYSDEV_ATTR(trigger, 0644, show_trigger, set_trigger);
809 ACCESSOR(tolerant,tolerant,)
810 ACCESSOR(check_interval,check_interval,mce_restart())
811 static struct sysdev_attribute *mce_attributes[] = {
812 &attr_bank0ctl, &attr_bank1ctl, &attr_bank2ctl,
813 &attr_bank3ctl, &attr_bank4ctl, &attr_bank5ctl,
814 &attr_tolerant, &attr_check_interval, &attr_trigger,
818 static cpumask_t mce_device_initialized = CPU_MASK_NONE;
820 /* Per cpu sysdev init. All of the cpus still share the same ctl bank */
821 static __cpuinit int mce_create_device(unsigned int cpu)
826 if (!mce_available(&boot_cpu_data))
829 memset(&per_cpu(device_mce, cpu).kobj, 0, sizeof(struct kobject));
830 per_cpu(device_mce,cpu).id = cpu;
831 per_cpu(device_mce,cpu).cls = &mce_sysclass;
833 err = sysdev_register(&per_cpu(device_mce,cpu));
837 for (i = 0; mce_attributes[i]; i++) {
838 err = sysdev_create_file(&per_cpu(device_mce,cpu),
843 cpu_set(cpu, mce_device_initialized);
848 sysdev_remove_file(&per_cpu(device_mce,cpu),
851 sysdev_unregister(&per_cpu(device_mce,cpu));
856 static void mce_remove_device(unsigned int cpu)
860 if (!cpu_isset(cpu, mce_device_initialized))
863 for (i = 0; mce_attributes[i]; i++)
864 sysdev_remove_file(&per_cpu(device_mce,cpu),
866 sysdev_unregister(&per_cpu(device_mce,cpu));
867 cpu_clear(cpu, mce_device_initialized);
870 /* Get notified when a cpu comes on/off. Be hotplug friendly. */
871 static int __cpuinit mce_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
872 unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
874 unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
878 case CPU_ONLINE_FROZEN:
879 mce_create_device(cpu);
882 case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
883 mce_remove_device(cpu);
889 static struct notifier_block mce_cpu_notifier __cpuinitdata = {
890 .notifier_call = mce_cpu_callback,
893 static __init int mce_init_device(void)
898 if (!mce_available(&boot_cpu_data))
900 err = sysdev_class_register(&mce_sysclass);
904 for_each_online_cpu(i) {
905 err = mce_create_device(i);
910 register_hotcpu_notifier(&mce_cpu_notifier);
911 misc_register(&mce_log_device);
915 device_initcall(mce_init_device);