2 <title>Wine and OpenGL</title>
4 <sect1 id="opengl-required">
5 <title>What is needed to have OpenGL support in Wine</title>
8 Basically, if you have a Linux OpenGL ABI compliant libGL
9 (<ulink url="http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/ABI/">
10 http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/ABI/</ulink>)
11 installed on your computer, you should have everything
15 To be more clear, I will detail one step after another what
16 the <command>configure</command> script checks.
19 If, after Wine compiles, OpenGL support is not compiled in,
20 you can always check <filename>config.log</filename> to see
21 which of the following points failed.
25 <title>Header files</title>
28 The needed header files to build OpenGL support in Wine are :
33 <term><filename>gl.h:</filename></term>
36 the definition of all OpenGL core functions, types and enumerants
41 <term><filename>glx.h:</filename></term>
44 how OpenGL integrates in the X Window environment
49 <term><filename>glext.h:</filename></term>
52 the list of all registered OpenGL extensions
59 The latter file (<filename>glext.h</filename>) is, as of
60 now, not necessary to build Wine. But as this file can be
61 easily obtained from SGI
62 (<ulink url="http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/ABI/glext.h">
63 http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/ABI/glext.h</ulink>),
64 and that all OpenGL should provide one, I decided to keep it here.
69 <title>OpenGL library itself</title>
72 To check for the presence of 'libGL' on the system, the
73 script checks if it defines the
74 <function>glXCreateContext</function> function.
79 <title>glXGetProcAddressARB function</title>
82 The core of Wine's OpenGL implementation (at least for all
83 extensions) is the <function>glXGetProcAddressARB</function>
84 function. Your OpenGL library needs to have this function
85 defined for Wine to be able to support OpenGL.
90 <sect1 id="opengl-works">
91 <title>How it all works</title>
94 The core OpenGL function calls are the same between Windows
95 and Linux. So what is the difficulty to support it in Wine ?
96 Well, there are two different problems :
102 the interface to the windowing system is different for
103 each OS. It's called 'GLX' for Linux (well, for X Window)
104 and 'wgl' for Windows. Thus, one need first to emulate one
105 (wgl) with the other (GLX).
110 the calling convention between Windows (the 'Pascal'
111 convention or 'stdcall') is different from the one used on
112 Linux (the 'C' convention or 'cdecl'). This means that
113 each call to an OpenGL function must be 'translated' and
114 cannot be used directly by the Windows program.
120 Add to this some brain-dead programs (using GL calls without
121 setting-up a context or deleting three time the same context)
122 and you have still some work to do :-)
126 <title>The Windowing system integration</title>
129 This integration is done at two levels :
135 At GDI level for all pixel format selection routines (ie
136 choosing if one wants a depth / alpha buffer, the size
137 of these buffers, ...) and to do the 'page flipping' in
138 double buffer mode. This is implemented in
139 <filename>dlls/x11drv/opengl.c</filename> (all these
140 functions are part of Wine's graphic driver function
141 pointer table and thus could be reimplemented if ever Wine
142 works on another Windowing system than X).
147 In the <filename>OpenGL32.DLL</filename> itself for all
148 other functionalities (context creation / deletion,
149 querying of extension functions, ...). This is done in
150 <filename>dlls/opengl32/wgl.c</filename>.
157 <title>The thunks</title>
160 The thunks are the Wine code that does the calling
161 convention translation and they are auto-generated by a Perl
162 script. In Wine's CVS tree, these thunks are already
163 generated for you. Now, if you want to do it yourself, there
164 is how it all works....
167 The script is located in <filename>dlls/opengl32</filename>
168 and is called <command>make_opengl</command>. It requires
169 Perl5 to work and takes two arguments :
175 The first is the path to the OpenGL registry. Now, you
176 will all ask 'but what is the OpenGL registry ?' :-)
177 Well, it's part of the OpenGL sample implementation
178 source tree from SGI (more informations at this URL :
179 <ulink url="http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/">
180 http://oss.sgi.com/projects/ogl-sample/</ulink>.
183 To summarize, these files contain human-readable but
184 easily parsed information on ALL OpenGL core functions
185 and ALL registered extensions (for example the
186 prototype, the OpenGL version, ...).
191 the second is the OpenGL version to 'simulate'. This
192 fixes the list of functions that the Windows application
193 can link directly to without having to query them from
194 the OpenGL driver. Windows is based, for now, on OpenGL
195 1.1, but the thunks that are in the CVS tree are
196 generated for OpenGL 1.2.
199 This option can have three values:
200 <literal>1.0</literal>, <literal>1.1</literal> and
201 <literal>1.2</literal>.
207 This script generates three files :
213 <filename>opengl32.spec</filename> gives Wine's linker
214 the signature of all function in the
215 <filename>OpenGL32.DLL</filename> library so that the
216 application can link them. Only 'core' functions are
222 <filename>opengl_norm.c</filename> contains all the
223 thunks for the 'core' functions. Your OpenGL library
224 must provide ALL the function used in this file as these
225 are not queried at run time.
230 <filename>opengl_ext.c</filename> contains all the
231 functions that are not part of the 'core' functions.
232 Contrary to the thunks in
233 <filename>opengl_norm.c</filename>, these functions do
234 not depend at all on what your libGL provides.
237 In fact, before using one of these thunks, the Windows
238 program first needs to 'query' the function pointer. At
239 this point, the corresponding thunk is useless. But as
240 we first query the same function in libGL and store the
241 returned function pointer in the thunk, the latter
249 <sect1 id="opengl-problems">
250 <title>Known problems</title>
253 <title>When running an OpenGL application, the screen flickers</title>
256 Due to restrictions (that do not exist in Windows) on OpenGL
257 contexts, if you want to prevent the screen to flicker when
258 using OpenGL applications (all games are using double-buffered
259 contexts), you need to set the following option in your
260 <filename>~/.wine/config</filename> file
261 in the <literal>[x11drv]</literal> section:
263 DesktopDoubleBuffered = Y
265 and to run Wine in desktop mode.
270 <title>Unknown extension error message:</title>
273 Extension defined in the OpenGL library but NOT in opengl_ext.c...
274 Please report (lionel.ulmer@free.fr) !
278 This means that the extension requested by the application
279 is found in the libGL used by Linux (ie the call to
280 <function>glXGetProcAddressARB</function> returns a
281 non-<constant>NULL</constant> pointer) but that this string
282 was NOT found in Wine's extension registry.
285 This can come from two causes:
289 The <filename>opengl_ext.c</filename> file is too old
290 and needs to be generated again.
295 Use of obsolete extensions that are not supported
296 anymore by SGI or of 'private' extensions that are not
297 registered. An example of the former are
298 <function>glMTexCoord2fSGIS</function> and
299 <function>glSelectTextureSGIS</function> as used by
300 Quake 2 (and apparently also by old versions of Half
301 Life). If documentation can be found on these functions,
302 they can be added to Wine's extension set.
309 If you have this, run with <parameter>WINEDEBUG=+opengl</parameter>
310 and send me <email>lionel.ulmer@free.fr</email> the TRACE.
315 <title><filename>libopengl32.so</filename> is built but it is still not working</title>
318 This may be caused by some missing functions required by
319 <filename>opengl_norm.c</filename> but that your Linux
320 OpenGL library does not provide.
323 To check for this, do the following steps :
329 create a dummy <filename>.c</filename> file :
340 try to compile it by linking both libwine and
341 libopengl32 (this command line supposes that you
342 installed the Wine libraries in
343 <filename>/usr/local/lib</filename>, YMMV) :
346 gcc dummy.c -L/usr/local/lib -lwine -lopengl32
351 if it works, the problem is somewhere else (and you can
352 send me an email). If not, you could re-generate the
353 thunk files for OpenGL 1.1 for example (and send me your
354 OpenGL version so that this problem can be detected at
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366 sgml-parent-document:("wine-devel.sgml" "set" "book" "part" "chapter" "")