2 * DOS upper memory management.
4 * Copyright 2002 Jukka Heinonen
6 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
18 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
22 #include "wine/debug.h"
24 WINE_DEFAULT_DEBUG_CHANNEL(dosmem);
27 * Wine DOS memory layout above 640k:
29 * a0000 - affff : VGA graphics (vga.c)
30 * b0000 - bffff : Monochrome text (unused)
31 * b8000 - bffff : VGA text (vga.c)
32 * c0000 - cffff : EMS frame (int67.c)
33 * d0000 - effff : Free memory for UMBs (himem.c)
34 * f0000 - fffff : BIOS stuff (msdos/dosmem.c)
35 * 100000 -10ffff : High memory area (unused)
39 * Table of real mode segments and protected mode selectors
40 * for code stubs and other miscellaneous storage.
42 struct DPMI_segments *DOSVM_dpmi_segments = NULL;
45 * First and last address available for upper memory blocks.
47 #define DOSVM_UMB_BOTTOM 0xd0000
48 #define DOSVM_UMB_TOP 0xeffff
51 * First free address for upper memory blocks.
53 static DWORD DOSVM_umb_free = DOSVM_UMB_BOTTOM;
56 /***********************************************************************
59 * Allocate upper memory block (UMB) from upper memory.
60 * Returned pointer is aligned to 16-byte (paragraph) boundary.
62 * This routine is only for allocating static storage for
63 * Wine internal uses. Allocated memory can be accessed from
64 * real mode, memory is taken from area already mapped and reserved
65 * by Wine and the allocation has very little memory and speed
66 * overhead. Use of this routine also preserves precious DOS
67 * conventional memory.
69 LPVOID DOSVM_AllocUMB( DWORD size )
71 LPVOID ptr = (LPVOID)DOSVM_umb_free;
73 size = ((size + 15) >> 4) << 4;
75 if(DOSVM_umb_free + size - 1 > DOSVM_UMB_TOP) {
76 ERR("Out of upper memory area.\n");
80 DOSVM_umb_free += size;
85 /**********************************************************************
88 * Allocate a selector corresponding to a real mode address.
91 static WORD alloc_selector( void *base, DWORD size, unsigned char flags )
93 WORD sel = wine_ldt_alloc_entries( 1 );
98 wine_ldt_set_base( &entry, base );
99 wine_ldt_set_limit( &entry, size - 1 );
100 wine_ldt_set_flags( &entry, flags );
101 wine_ldt_set_entry( sel, &entry );
107 /***********************************************************************
110 * Allocate upper memory block for storing code stubs.
111 * Initializes real mode segment and 16-bit protected mode selector
112 * for the allocated code block.
114 * FIXME: should allocate a single PM selector for the whole UMB range.
116 LPVOID DOSVM_AllocCodeUMB( DWORD size, WORD *segment, WORD *selector )
118 LPVOID ptr = DOSVM_AllocUMB( size );
121 *segment = (DWORD)ptr >> 4;
124 *selector = alloc_selector( ptr, size, WINE_LDT_FLAGS_CODE );
130 /***********************************************************************
133 * Allocate upper memory block for storing data.
134 * Initializes real mode segment and 16-bit protected mode selector
135 * for the allocated data block.
137 LPVOID DOSVM_AllocDataUMB( DWORD size, WORD *segment, WORD *selector )
139 LPVOID ptr = DOSVM_AllocUMB( size );
142 *segment = (DWORD)ptr >> 4;
145 *selector = alloc_selector( ptr, size, WINE_LDT_FLAGS_DATA );
151 /***********************************************************************
154 * Initializes DOSVM_dpmi_segments. Allocates required memory and
155 * sets up segments and selectors for accessing the memory.
157 void DOSVM_InitSegments( void )
162 static const char wrap_code[]={
163 0xCD,0x31, /* int $0x31 */
167 static const char enter_xms[]=
169 /* XMS hookable entry point */
170 0xEB,0x03, /* jmp entry */
171 0x90,0x90,0x90, /* nop;nop;nop */
173 /* real entry point */
174 /* for simplicity, we'll just use the same hook as DPMI below */
175 0xCD,0x31, /* int $0x31 */
179 static const char enter_pm[]=
181 0x50, /* pushw %ax */
182 0x52, /* pushw %dx */
183 0x55, /* pushw %bp */
184 0x89,0xE5, /* movw %sp,%bp */
186 0x8B,0x56,0x08, /* movw 8(%bp),%dx */
187 /* just call int 31 here to get into protected mode... */
188 /* it'll check whether it was called from dpmi_seg... */
189 0xCD,0x31, /* int $0x31 */
190 /* we are now in the context of a 16-bit relay call */
191 /* need to fixup our stack;
192 * 16-bit relay return address will be lost,
193 * but we won't worry quite yet
195 0x8E,0xD0, /* movw %ax,%ss */
196 0x66,0x0F,0xB7,0xE5, /* movzwl %bp,%esp */
198 0x89,0x56,0x08, /* movw %dx,8(%bp) */
202 0xfb, /* sti, enable and check virtual interrupts */
206 static const char relay[]=
208 0xca, 0x04, 0x00, /* 16-bit far return and pop 4 bytes (relay void* arg) */
209 0xcd, 0x31, /* int 31 */
210 0xfb, 0x66, 0xcb /* sti and 32-bit far return */
214 * Allocate pointer array.
216 DOSVM_dpmi_segments = DOSVM_AllocUMB( sizeof(struct DPMI_segments) );
219 * RM / offset 0: Exit from real mode.
220 * RM / offset 2: Points to lret opcode.
222 ptr = DOSVM_AllocCodeUMB( sizeof(wrap_code),
223 &DOSVM_dpmi_segments->wrap_seg, 0 );
224 memcpy( ptr, wrap_code, sizeof(wrap_code) );
227 * RM / offset 0: XMS driver entry.
229 ptr = DOSVM_AllocCodeUMB( sizeof(enter_xms),
230 &DOSVM_dpmi_segments->xms_seg, 0 );
231 memcpy( ptr, enter_xms, sizeof(enter_xms) );
234 * RM / offset 0: Switch to DPMI.
235 * PM / offset 8: DPMI raw mode switch.
237 ptr = DOSVM_AllocCodeUMB( sizeof(enter_pm),
238 &DOSVM_dpmi_segments->dpmi_seg,
239 &DOSVM_dpmi_segments->dpmi_sel );
240 memcpy( ptr, enter_pm, sizeof(enter_pm) );
243 * PM / offset N*6: Interrupt N in DPMI32.
245 ptr = DOSVM_AllocCodeUMB( 6 * 256,
246 0, &DOSVM_dpmi_segments->int48_sel );
247 for(i=0; i<256; i++) {
249 * Each 32-bit interrupt handler is 6 bytes:
250 * 0xCD,<i> = int <i> (nested 16-bit interrupt)
251 * 0x66,0xCA,0x04,0x00 = ret 4 (32-bit far return and pop 4 bytes / eflags)
253 ptr[i * 6 + 0] = 0xCD;
255 ptr[i * 6 + 2] = 0x66;
256 ptr[i * 6 + 3] = 0xCA;
257 ptr[i * 6 + 4] = 0x04;
258 ptr[i * 6 + 5] = 0x00;
262 * PM / offset N*5: Interrupt N in 16-bit protected mode.
264 ptr = DOSVM_AllocCodeUMB( 5 * 256,
265 0, &DOSVM_dpmi_segments->int16_sel );
266 for(i=0; i<256; i++) {
268 * Each 16-bit interrupt handler is 5 bytes:
269 * 0xCD,<i> = int <i> (interrupt)
270 * 0xCA,0x02,0x00 = ret 2 (16-bit far return and pop 2 bytes / eflags)
272 ptr[i * 5 + 0] = 0xCD;
274 ptr[i * 5 + 2] = 0xCA;
275 ptr[i * 5 + 3] = 0x02;
276 ptr[i * 5 + 4] = 0x00;
280 * PM / offset 0: Stub where __wine_call_from_16_regs returns.
281 * PM / offset 3: Stub which swaps back to 32-bit application code/stack.
282 * PM / offset 5: Stub which enables interrupts
284 ptr = DOSVM_AllocCodeUMB( sizeof(relay),
285 0, &DOSVM_dpmi_segments->relay_code_sel);
286 memcpy( ptr, relay, sizeof(relay) );
289 * Space for 16-bit stack used by relay code.
291 ptr = DOSVM_AllocDataUMB( DOSVM_RELAY_DATA_SIZE,
292 0, &DOSVM_dpmi_segments->relay_data_sel);
293 memset( ptr, 0, DOSVM_RELAY_DATA_SIZE );
296 * As we store code in UMB we should make sure it is executable
298 VirtualProtect((void *)DOSVM_UMB_BOTTOM, DOSVM_UMB_TOP - DOSVM_UMB_BOTTOM, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, NULL);